Combined motor and air-compressor.



W.' KRYGOWSKI. v COMBINED MOTOR AND AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.11, 190s.

Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

} lV/TNESSES: INVENTOR,

A TTORNEY.

W; KRYGOWSKI.

COMBINED MOTOR AND AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 11, 1908.

Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Z A a M /H Tm N my? R V; w v T K A 17/ k w UNITED STATES PATENT @FFTCE.

WINCENTY KBYGOWSKI, OF OHICOPEE FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS.

COMBINED MOTOR AND AIR-COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.v

Patented April 6, 190a.

Application filed. November 11, 1908. Serial No. 462,084.

To all whom it may concern:

' livered from the compressor,the efiect of entrance of the compressed air to the reservoir tending, measurably, to cool the motor while the heat of the motor is directly efiicient for expanding and increasing the com pression of the air in the reservoir.

Another object is to utilize the heat of the muiiier within the compressed air reservoir for additional air expanding effect.

Another object is to utilize the com ressed air produced by the apparatus effectively in con unction with the carbureter for the motor.

Another object is to separate the cylindrical chamber in which the motor piston works from the ob amber with which the car- 'bureter is connected and in which the explosion initially occurs, with valve arrange ments so that at the time of exhausting dead gas from the piston chamber, concurrentl with the intake of a fresh mixture, there wi l he no commingling of one'with the other.

Another object is to provide means Whereby on the establishment of an excessive pressure in the reservoir the apparatus will automatically cease its operation. The invention consists in the combinations or arrangements of the devices and arts all substantially as hereinafter describe in conjunction with the accompanying. drawings and set forth in the claims.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on line 11, Fig. 2, and shows the interior of the air-reservoir and the contained air-cornpressing mechanism, certain parts of the latter being shown in full lines; Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on line 22, Fig. 1 Fig. 8 is a detail viewof a portion of the controlling devices and is arty in section, the line of section being in icatedbyline 33, Fig. I. Fig. 4 is a side elevationon a larger scale, for more clearly indicating certain valve arrangements hereinafter particularly. described.

In the drawings,--A is a horizontally supported cylindrical reservoir of a suitable construction to hold air under pressure. The bottom portion of the wall of the reservoir A has formed therein an irregular shaped, longitudinally extending opening, to the boundary edges of which are riveted the flanged uniting supports 12, of the air-com pressor B, the somewhat irregular contour of the air-compressor'at its line of junction 'with edges 10 of the reservoir opening conform exactly to the said edges 10 to the important end that a rigid support of the aircompressor B to and within the aiiareservoir A is rovided in a manner which does not impair the air-tight requirements of the air- I reservoir. A

The air-compressor B, which is automatic, in its action, consists of an air-compressing cylinder 0, and an axially opposed gas-explosion engine cylinder D; the body portion of these cylinders are preferably united in one integral construction as shown in Fig. 1. The piston of'the air-cylinder C is rigidly connected to the piston 16 of the gas-engine D by the piston rod 17, whereby an explosion actuated stroke of the piston 16 transmits through piston rod 17 an air compression stroke to the piston 15, and the return stroke of the piston 16, and the air-suction stroke of iston 15 is provided for by the retractile force of the heavy spiral spring 18 (see Figs. 1 and 3), one end of which is attached to the air-piston 1 5 and the opposite end to a stud 19 in the slide chamber 20 of the cylinder D. The air-'compressin cylinder 0 has a head 21 through which tie air inlet 22, and air outlet 23, are provided. The air-inlet 22 is equipped with the inlet valve 24, which is opened into the air-cylinder by the suction stroke of the air-piston 1'5 and against the action of the light valve-closin spring 25. The air inlet is connected with t e outside or atmospheric air by the inlet-pipe 26 which, as shown in Fig.1, may be an integral part of the cylinder head 21, and which projects therefrom throu h the reservoir hea a. The outlet 23 or the compressed air is equipped with the outwardly opening, hinged valve 27, which is o ened for the expulsion of air from the air cy inder O by the'action. of the compression stroke of the air-piston 15,

and against the valve closing spring 28. The outlet for the com ressed air throu h the cylinder head 21 is t ence downwardfi through the elbow-provided ipe 29, which also ma be an integral art. 0 the said cylinder hea from ipe 29, t e com ressed air from cylinder is conducted tiirough the horizontal pipe 29 underneath the air-compressor B, and thence upwardly by the vertical 'i e 29 to a point somewhat above the top ot t eair compressor B from which the short horizontal pipe 29 which passes through the reservoir head a to a point therein just'jabove the explosion chamber 31' of the gas engine D,

where a downwardly turned elbow directs the discharge of the compressed air onducted through the pipe connections 29, 39 29 and 29, against the explosion chamber casing and provides an eficient means for coolin the same.

The gas-explosion c linder D has a chambered head 30 comprising an explosion chamber 31 and an exhaust chamber 32; the inside wall 33 of the explosion chamber has rovided therein the valve ort' 34, leading to the interior of the c lin er D, this port 34 being normally close by the spring actuated valve 35. The inside wall 36 of the exhaust chamber 32 has provided therein the exhaust port 37 leading from the cylinder D which is normally closed by the valve 38. This valve 38, which is automatically closed by its spring 39, has a long sliding valve stem 40, t e outer or free end ortion of which is provided with a collar-1i e abutment 41.

A downwardly extending arm 42 adjustably mounted on the piston rod 17 has a hole 43, through which-the valve-stem 4O freely slides, whereby, as shown in Fig. 1, the latter portion of the working stroke of piston 16 carries the arm 42 into engagement with the abutment 41 of the stem of valve 38 and opens the same.

The underneath side of valve stem is provided with ratchet teeth 44, which are engaged'by the hinged and upwardly pressed spring pawl 45, to the endthat any-degree of opening of the exhaust valve 38 produced by engagement of the valve-stem 40 with the piston rod arm 42, is maintained thereby uring'the spring'actuated return stroke of piston 16. At the extreme latter portion of this return stroke, however, the angularly bent end 47 of arm 42 enga es the pendent lug 48 formed on pawl 45 an swings the latter from engagement with the ratchet 44, thus permittm the instantaneous closing of the exhaust va ve 38*.

The dead gas or "products of combustion exhausted from the cylindenD as above de scribed, is not discharged into the outer air but is conductedby the pipe 50 from the under side of the exhaust chamber 32, rear- ,wardly and thence upwardly and into the reservoir to the horizontally supported eime brief time before the gas is finally allowed to escape to the outer air through the pipe 52.

Simultaneously with the closing of the exhaust valve 38, the plunger cut-off valve 38 which is forced against its spring 38 from its closing position over the entrance to exhaust pipe 50.(as\shown in Fig. 1) by the pressure of the exhaust gas, instantly resumes its closing osition over the entrance to pipe 50, on the c osing of the exhaust valve 38.

The novel form of carbureter which I employ together with the automatic controling devices employed in conjunction therewith will now be described. At a oint below the reservoir A and adjacent t e gas-engine D is s%ported the chambered carbureter easing into which gasolene is conducted through the supply pipe 60, the vertical conduit 61 in the caslng E for the intake of gasolene dischar es into a horizontal ump bore 62, one end 0 which is normally c osed by a spring pressed valve 63, andthe opposite end is suitably bored to receive the pum lunger or piston 64. At a point directly e ow the ump plunger 64 is the air inlet from which a ranch pipe 65 extends to aT connection with the compressed air pipe 29 Combined with, and supported on, the above mentioned T-connection is the plugvalve 66, the valve plug of which has formed thereon the lever arm 67. A pivoted threearm member (1 is mounted on the upper or horizontal ortion of the T coupling, one of its arms 68 eing connected by a link 69 with the valve plugarm 67, and an oppositely extending lever arm 70 connects with the pumpplunger 64, through the connecting rod 71. The third arm 72 of the member d, which extends nearly verticall upward from the '1 coupling is in the path of movement of the end portion'47 of the piston arm 42, and is engaged thereby previous to the termination of the spring actuated return stroke of the pistons 15 and 16, with the result that the entire three-arm member d is rotated a one quarter turn, thereby opening the valve 66, which allows a portion of the compressed air in the pipe 29 to be diverted through pipe 65 intothe carbureter E; and at the same time an impulse is given the pump-plunger 64 which acts to force the small amount of gasolene whichhas entered the pump bore 62, from the supply pipe 60 out, against the spring pressed valve 63, when it is instantly mixed with the compressed air from the pipe 65 and the mixture thus producedis forced upward from the carbureter E through the connecting bent pipe 74, into the explosion chamber 31 of the gas-engine, the spring.

taken from the reservoir 4 through the s'ervtimer 15 and 16,and the attendant charging of the explosion chamber 31 with the explosive mixture of gasolene and compressed air as described, the end 47 of piston arm 42 engages the pendent portion 48 of pawl 45, and causes the said pawl to release the exhaust: valve stem 40, thereby instantly closing the exhaust port 87, and also at the same instant the insulated contact point 76 of an electric circuit, which is carried on the valve stem 40, engages a stationary contact point 77, which is in circuit with a spark plug 78 in the explosion chamber 31 with the result that the contained explosive mixture is ignited and the forward or working stroke of the pistons 15 and 16 is effected. As the con1- pressed air is forced into the reservoir A through the elbow discharge end of pipe 29", it not only serves to cool the explosion cndol' the gas engine D, but it is itself expanded by the heat of the explosions, which it takes up, and is also still further expanded by taking up the not inconsiderable amount of heat fromthe exhaust gas which is for a time held in the mother 51 within the reservoirA;

The compressed air for urposes desired is ice pipe F, and in the event of a cessation of compressed air being drawn from the reservoir, a safeguard against the accumulation of a dangerous pressure, and also against the wasteful running of the compressor B is provided by the upwardly spring pressed, yielding plunger 80, which has an operative en' gagement .with the hinged stop bar or detcnt 81, the free end 82 of which is moved down wardly and into the path of movement of the stop 83, on piston arm 42, when too rest a pressure is exerted on the upward ace of plunger 80, the result of the impact of the free end. 82 of the detent 81 being to hold the pistons 15 and 16 in their forward or working position against the tension of the returning spring 18. v

A small air-compressor 90, which may be operated by hand, is provided for the initial storing of the tank with. compressed air which is necessary, as a certain amount of air pressure within the pipes29 and 6'5--is required to provide the proper explosive in the carburetor E where it unites with the injected ,gasol'ene supply as described.

By provision of the partition 33 whereby the chamber 3.1 is produced separate from the chamber of' the cylinder D in which the piston 16 works, it becomes practicable'to maintain the exhaust valve 38 open from its port for a short, though comparatively considerahle, period to permit of an entire expulsion of dead gas from the piston'cylindtr even while there is a fresh intake of explosive gas from the carburetor into the chamber 3] with no liability of the dead gas becoming mixed with the iresh intake.

ervoir.

2. luau-apparatus of the character descr bed, agreservolr for compressed air, and a combined explosive motor and an compressorinternally of the reservoir, the

compressed air delivery conduit terminating within the reservoir, and directed against the motor. 1

3. In-an'apparatus of the character (le scribed, 'a'reservoirfor compressed air, a combined explosive gas motor and air compressor internally of the reservoir, the compressed air delivery conduit terminating].

within the IQSGI VOlI, a mufiier within the reservoir, a conduit leading from the dead gas outlet of the motor to the muffler, and a conduit leading from the muffler to terior of the reservoir.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, a reservoir for com-pressed air, a combined explosive gas motor and air compressor comprising pistons and a single red unitinq both pistons, the compressed air the indelivery conduit of the com ressor terminating within the reservoir, tie motor having in addition to a cylindrical chamber for the motor piston a separate chamber for exhaust gas, a port leading from the cylindrical piston chamber to said exhaust chamber, and a valve forsaid port having an'elongated valve stem, means for opening said valve on the working. stroke of the combined pistons, a detent awlfor engaging the valve stem and holding the valvein its opened position, and means for releasing said detent on the reversed stroke of the pistons.

5-. In an apparatus of the characterdescribed, a reservoir for compressed air, a combined explosive gas motor and'air compressor comprising pistons, and a single rod uniting both pistons, provided with. a trans verse projection, the compressed air and glee livery conduit terminatingwithinthe reservoir the motor havingin addii ion to a cylindrical chamber for the motor piston a separate chamber for exhaust gas, a port leading from the cylindrical piston chamber to said exhaust chamber, and a valve for said port having an elongated valve stem provided with a shoulder to be engaged by said piston rod projection on the working stroke of the pistons for operating said valve, a detent combined explosive gas motor and air 001111.

pressor located within the reservoir, comprising a ined piston cylinders and pistons ."a gas outlet port leading from the piston cylinder of the motor,-havi-ng an elongated stem parallel with said piston uniting rod,

intermediately provided with a series of ratchet teeth, and having at itsextremity a shoulder, a spring exerting a valve-closing force on said stem, a spring pressed detent pawl adapted to engage said ratchet teeth, and provided with an arm, and said piston rod projection having a path of movement to alternately engage the valve rod shoulder, and the detent pawl arm, for the purposes set forth.

7. In an apparatus of the character described, a reservoir for compressed air, a combined explosive gas motor and air compressor comprising pistons and a single rod uniting both pistons, the compressed air delivery conduit of the compressor terminating within the reservoir, the motor having in addition to a cylindrical chamber 'for the motor -piston a separate chamber for exhaust gas,

a port lea ing from the cylindrical piston chamber to said exhaust chamber, and a valve for said port having an elongated valve stem, means for opening said valve on the working stroke ofthe combined pistons, a detent pawl for engaging the valve stem and holding the valve in it's opened position, and means for releasing said detent on the reversed stroke of the pistons, and a muffler within the reservoir, a conduit leadin from the said exhaust chamber to the mu er and a conduit leading from the muffler to the exterior of, the reservoir. 1

8. In an apparatus ofthe character described, a reservoir for compressed air, a combined; explosive gas motor and air compressor comprising pistons and a single rod uniting both pistons, the compressed air delivery conduit of the compressor terminating within the reservoir, the motor having in addition to a cylindrical chamber for the motor piston a separate chamber for exhaust gas, a port leading from the cylindricalv piston chamber to said exhaust chamber, anda valve for said port having an elongated valve stem, means for opening said valve on.'the working stroke of the combined pistons, a detent pawl for engaging the valve stem and holding the valve in its opened position, and? means for releasing said detent on the reversed stroke of the pistons,a muffler within the reservoir, a conduit leading from the said exhaust chamber to the muffler, a conduit leading from the muffler to the exterior of the reservoir, and a spring pressed valve for normally closing communication from the ex' hau'st chamber through the conduitleading thence to the mufiier.

9. In an apparatus of the character described, a compressed air reservoir, a combined motor and air compressor located therewithin comprising alined motor and compressor pistons and a rod for uniting them, having an abutment, a plunger or diaphragm subject to the pressure of air in the reservoir, and a device actuated by said dia-' phragm, under excessive air pressure in the reservoir, for engaging said abutment and preventing movement of the rod united plstons.

10. In an apparatus of the characterdecompressor therewithin having combined therewith a motor the workin piston of which has a rod connecting it the working piston of the compressor and said rod having an abutment, a conduit leading from the compressor cylinder to within the reservoir, a plunger or diaphragm sub'ect to the ressure of ,air in the reservoir an a pivoted ever actuated by the diaphragm under an excessive air pressure and adapted to swung to a position for engaging and intercepting the movement of the said abutment of the iston connecting rod. I I

11. 11 an apparatus of the character described, a comblned'explosive motor and air compressor having axially alined piston cylinders, pistons working therein and a rod connecting both pistons, a spring operating on the combined pistons for retracting them after each working stroke, acarbureter for the motor comprising a chamber ipe connected with the valved inlet port the moscribed, a compressed air reservoir and an air v tor and having a bore, a liquid fuel conduit leading to said bore, a sprin valve closing the junction between said ore and said chamber, a plun er working in the bore, and means actuated y the retractile movement of the combined pistons for imparting. a thrust to said plunger.

12. In an apparatus of the character described, a combined explosive gas motorand air compressor comprising alined cylinders and wor ing plstons therein connected by a common piston rod and a com ressed air deliver'ing conduit connected wit the air compressingcylinder, a carbureter for the explosivegas motor comprising a mixingchamber, liquid fuel su plying means therefor, a pipe leading from t e compressed air delivery conduit'to said mixing chamber and having a valve, a valve 0 crating lever connected with said valve an a projection on the piston uniting rod adapted to periodically engage said valve operating lever for admitting compressed air to the mixing chamber. Signed by me at Springfield,

presence of two sultscrioin witnesses.

WINCENTY RYGOWSKI. Witnesses:

JOHN ZIMANY, G. R. DRISOOLL.

Mass, in 

